From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report. 这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

Group cognitive therapy is a form of mental health treatment. A study has found that this form of talk therapy can help rape victims in war-torn countries where there are few trained psychologists. Researchers say the findings show the counselors in a community can be trained to provide group cognitive therapy. 团体认知行为治疗是一种精神治疗方式。一项研究发现，这种谈话治疗可以帮助战乱国家的强奸受害者，这些国家鲜有训练有素的心理医生。研究人员表示，研究结果表明，可以培训社区辅导员来提供团体认知行为治疗。

Judith Bass is a professor of mental health at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland. He says rape victims in war-torn countries, face a series of short and long-term health and psychological problems, these include depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Sudden sounds or events can trigger memories of the rape. 朱迪思·巴斯（Judith Bass）是约翰霍普金斯大学公共卫生学院的一名教授。该大学位于马里兰州巴尔的摩市。她表示，战乱国家的强奸受害者面临着一系列短期和长期的健康和心理问题，包括抑郁症，焦虑和创伤后应激障碍。突发的声音和事件都会触发强奸的记忆。

Professor Bass says sexual violence affects not just the victims but the whole communities where they live. 巴斯教授说，性暴力不仅会影响受害者，还会影响到他们居住的整个社区。

"This problem of rape and violence against women is not only about the act of violence but it's also becoming, unfortunately, wider spread as it is being used in the arsenal of warring factions to dehumanize and humiliate populations." 她说，“针对女性的强奸和暴力问题不仅是暴力行为本身，不幸的是，它还被交战各派用于羞辱族群而到处扩散。”

Professor Bass says women who are raped often suffer not only from social stigma in their communities, they also have a fear of returning to the site of the violence, and they worry about whether they can meet the needs of their families. 巴斯教授说，被强奸的妇女不仅在社区中遭受社会歧视，她们还害怕回到暴力现场，担心自己是否能满足家庭的需求。

Cognitive behavioral group therapy has been shown to be effective in wealthier Western countries. Professor Bass and other researchers investigated whether it could help women in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) overcome their fears and depression. The DRC has faced more than 30 years of conflict since it's independence from Belgium in 1960. 认知行为疗法在富裕西方国家已被证实有效。巴斯教授和其他研究人员调查了它是否能帮助刚果（金）民主共和国妇女克服她们的恐惧和抑郁。自1960年从比利时独立后，刚果（金）民主共和国经历了三十多年的冲突。

After six months, 42 percent of those in individual counseling who were depressed at the start of the therapy no longer showed signs of depression. By comparison, 70 percent of those who participate in cognitive behavior groups were no longer considered depressed. In these groups, the women discussed goals and learned skills for overcoming their depression and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. 半年后，在治疗之初表现抑郁的人员中，有42%经过单独辅导治疗者不再显露抑郁迹象。相比之下，参与认知行为团体的人员中，有70%不再被视为抑郁。在这些团体中，妇女们讨论目标并学习技能来克服自己的抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍症状。

Professor Bass says rape victims in villages with few psychologists could be successfully treated by counselors with good listening skills and comparatively little training. 巴斯教授表示，农村缺乏心理医生的强奸受害者能够通过具有良好聆听技能但培训相对较少的辅导员来成功治疗。

"They could do it right and they didn't need to have high levels of education, and the services didn't need to have clinicians available." 她说，“她们可以做得很好，而且她们并不需要具有高学历，这类服务也不需要医生。”

Except to provide training and meet with the therapists from time to time. 除了提供培训，并不时会见治疗师。

The study appears in the New England Journal of Medicine. 这项研究发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上。

Professor Bass says she's looking forward to seeing how well the strategy for training low-level counselors works with rape victims in other war-torn countries. 巴斯教授表示，她希望看到培训低层次辅导员帮助其它战乱国家强奸受害者的策划有多好。

Since 2000, the United Nations Security Council has passed nine resolutions denouncing rape during times of war as a human rights abuse. 自2000年以来，联合国安理会已经通过9项决议，谴责战乱时期强奸是侵犯人权。