1.细节题的正确选项有以下特征：
①对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项；
②词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍；
③语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案；
④正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。
2.细节题具体方法与步骤：
①排除干扰项 ，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰项。作为命题内容的细节一般总是短文的要点活主要论据。因此正确的选项往往与短文的主题密切相关。
② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
③ 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。

A
    Most people think of racing when they see greyhounds(灰狗) and believe they need lots of exercise. They can actually be quite lazy! Greyhounds are good at fast races but not long-distance running. They do need regular exercise but they like to run for a short burst and then get back on the bed or a comfortable seat. Another misunderstanding is that greyhounds must be aggressive(好斗的) because they are big in size. In fact greyhounds love people and are gentle with children.
Greyhounds can live for 12-14 years but usually only race for two or three years, and after that they make great pets. They don’t need a lot of space, don’t make a lot of noise, and don’t eat a lot for their size.
    Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm. There is, however, a small-sized greyhound, which stands only 33 cm. Greyhounds come in a variety of colors. Grey and yellowish-brown are the most common. Others include black, white, blue, red and brown or a mix of these.
    Greyhounds have smooth body coats, low body fat and are very healthy. Because they’re slim（苗条的）they don’t have the leg problems like other dogs the same height. But they do feel the cold.  Especially since they would much rather be at home in bed thanwalking around outside.
1  Why does the author say that greyhounds make great pets?
A. They are big in size.
B. They live a very long life.
C. They can run races for some time.
D. They are quiet and easy to look after.
2 . If you keep a pet greyhound, it is important          .
A. to keep it slim
B. to keep it warm
C. to take special care of its legs
D. to take it to animal doctors regularly
【点拨】
1 D 从题目可以看出该题目是考查对文章细节理解的题目。结合语境，注意上下文的关系，注意查找关键信息。由文章的第二段的内容来看，文章用了三个具有否定意义的排比句They don’t need a lot of space, don’t make a lot of noise, and don’t eat a lot for their size.，分析了灰狗的习性和特点，尤其是在点明了they make great pets之后，又对其原因进行了分析，此时我们就可以根据文章的讲解来推断题目。故该题目的关键是对文章第二段的内容进行分析，归纳，然后得出结论。
2 B 由题目可知该题应该是个对文章细节的推断题。由该题考查的内容，我们可以讲注意力放在文章的最后一段。最后一段中提到灰狗没有其他类型狗的腿的毛病，因此 C项错误。文章特别提到they do feel the cold.，说明他们怕冷，因此就需要保暖了。故B项是正确答案。
B
    Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers（剑）。 Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”
   “Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance（支配地位） when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.
   Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands at the young isn’t healthy for children or the family, Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.
   When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as thetop dog if no one likes your bossy ways.
   “I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”
1、 Bossy children like Stephen Jackson.
A. make good decisions
B. show self-centeredness
C. lack care from others
D. have little sense of fear
【点拨】 B 该题目主要是对文章的细节的考查，我们在读完题目后，我们可以将注意力放在第一段中的I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”在认真分析后我们可知Stephen 不知道对别人关心、照顾，而是以自我为中心。故B 项是正确答案。
五、经验总结:
通过对上面内容的讲解和自己练习我们可以做出一下的总结:
1 定位能力很重要，要通过不断的做练习来进行有意识的培养。
2 细节理解题通常是定位部分的变体或者是重复，即意思相同但表达的方式会有所变化。
3 切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解做出凭空想象的判断，每一道题目的选择都离不开对原文的理解和把握，答题时要力求紧扣文章中心来寻找解题的线索。
C
    In the 19th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach(沙滩)in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence(便士) to hire a machine and an attendant(侍者). When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine . Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stoped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the   water. If she did not want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.（1996NMET）
①In 19th century  people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things.  Which is the right order for doing them?
a. Changing into bathing clothes    b. Getting out of the bathing machine
c. Paying 2 pence               d. Getting into the bathing machine
e. Being taken down the beach     f. Getting into the water
A. e, d, a, b, f, c   B. c, d, a, e, b, f    C. c, d, e, a, b, f     D. d, a, e, b, f, c
【点拨】答案B 题目要求找出利用bathing machine游泳的程序，显然，租用一个bathing machine是要先付钱的，所以 c就是第一个动作，下水 f 应该是最后一个动作了。这样用排除法就可以排除 A和 D 项。再看 B和C项，从第一段倒数第三句可知先a后e，故选 B。
细节专题二：计算题
计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案了。
D
Degree
    We offer a wide choice of bachelor’s degrees (学位) for international students, which includes: Arts, Communication Studies, Social Sciences, etc. Bachelor of Music and Bachelor of Education are only for New Zealand citizens, for further information: deg@waikato.ac.nz. 
    Tuition Fees(学费)
    Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui@waikato.ac.nz. 
    Accommodation(住宿)
    You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: acc@waikato. ac.nz
    Health
    The Student Health Service provides excellent medical services for students. The Medical Centre is open five days a week, including student holidays with four doctor's and nurses to meet your medical needs. For further information: heal@waikato.ac.nz.
    Sports
    The Centre is a great place to have sports activities. Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. The sports hall has volleyball, basketball and indoor football courts and a swimming pool as well. There are also a large number of sports clubs at Waikato. For further information: sport@ waikato.ac.nz（2005安徽卷）
②You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250           B. $8,000             C. $9,000           D. $11,000
【点拨】B此题为计算题。我们从所选的这些事实来看，文章中所说的Tuition Fees 每年需要from $5,000 to $6,000，而a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month，一年需要$1200,另外的other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person经过计算可以知道一年需要$1800，加起来一年至少需要$8000。

A

(浙江省绍兴市第一中学2014届高三期中)

Sagrada Familia ( 2,056,448 visits/year)

Opening hours: 09:00—18:00 (October—March); 09:00—20:00 (April—September)

Admission: $ 11, or $ 10 with the Barcelona Card.

Disabled Access: Yes.

The temple have been under construction since 1882 and they’ve still got another 30 to 80 years to go before it will be finished. The project’s vast scale and its special design have made it one of Barcelona’s top tourist attractions for many years.

La Pedrera (1,133,220 visits/year)

Opening hours: November—February: 09:00—18:30; March—October: 09:00—20:00

Admission: $ 9.50. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.

Disabled Access: No.

This building used to be called Casa Mila but nowadays it’s more commonly known as La Pedrera. It is a unique modernist building in Barcelona and was made of bricks and had colorful tiles (瓦). It was built between 1906 and 1912 by famous Catalan architect Antoni Gaudi (1852—1926) and in 1984 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site with other Gaudi buildings in Barcelona. Visitors to La Pedrera can see the amazing 800 square meters attic with 270 brick arches that give you a feeling that you are walking inside the skeleton (骨架) of a whale. The roof is equally impressive and is preserved exactly the way that it was built in 1912 with six staircases and seven chimneys each made in a unique style.

Barcelona FC Museum (1,032,763 visits/year) 

Opening hours: 6^th April—4^th October: (Monday to Saturday) 10:00—20:00; the rest of the year: 10:00—18:30

Admission: $ 8.50 for entry to the museum and $ 17 for a guided tour.

Disabled Access: Yes.

   When you buy your ticket you have two options. You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium or you can buy a dual (双的) ticket for $ 15 where you get to see the museum and the scenes at the club.

Miro Museum (518,869 visits/year)

Opening hours: Check the web site for details as they vary depending on the time of the year.

Admission: $ 8. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.

Disabled Access: Yes.

This museum has a wide range of Miro’s work dating back as far as 1914. This artwork collection not only includes his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures (雕塑).

L’Aquarium de Barcelona (1,375,271 visits/year)

Opening hours: 09:00—19:00 (October—March); 09:00—20:00 (April—September)

Admission: $ 7. Save 10 % on the entrance fee to the aquarium with the Barcelona Card.

Barcelona Aquarium is a popular Barcelona attraction to take the kids and young ones. I have to admit I love the aquarium.

Picasso Museum (887,958 visits/year)

Opening hours: Check the website for details as they vary depending on the time of the year.

Admission: $ 9 for main exhibition—extra for special showings. Save 50% with the Barcelona Card.

Disabled Access: Yes. The museum has arranged Picasso’s paintings in chronological order from his early days to his final works. Arranging the paintings in this way gives you a fascinating insight into the development of Picasso thinking over time and shows how he developed the distinctive designs that he is famous for today. Very popular art gallery.

1.Which of the following attractions is the most popular with people?

A. Sagrada Familia                                                 B. La Pedrera        

C. Barcelona FC Museum                                          D.Picasso Museum

2.What do we know about the tourist attractions mentioned in the above passage?

A. Sagrada Familia is the largest building in Barcelona.

B. La Pedrera is well-known for its colorful material.

C. Barcelona FC Museum may attract football fans.

D. Miro Museum was built in 1914.

3.If you visit the stadium and the club with a tour guide in Barcelona FC Museum, you should pay ________.

A. $ 25.5                                B. $ 32                         C. $ 42.5                        D. $ 34

4.What do the attractions have in common?

A. They are all famous for their architectural style.       

B. They are available for the disabled people.

C. Their opening hours are changeable in different seasons.

D. Tourists can have a discount of 20% with the Barcelona Card.

B

（河北省正定中学2014届高三月考)It’s easy to see how to help others, but what about those whose needs

aren’t so obvious? This story may have happened a while back, but it was a lesson which has stayed with me and

helped me ever since.

It was Thanksgiving and I was volunteering with my parents at a shelter for the poor. We stood behind the

counter dishing out hot food to whoever came in. Most of our dinners looked like they had been having hard times, their clothes old, worn and dry. In short, they looked poor!

Then, a man came in, who looked anything but poor. He was well dressed, wearing an expensive suit. I wondered what he was doing there and my jaw dropped in amazement when he joined the line for food. The closer he came to my service station, the more I muttered. What was this man doing? I wanted to know. Surely he wasn’t going to take food.

Then my mother quietly took me to one side. She said, “ You have assumed that the needs of the people who come here must be purely physical: hunger, inadequate shelter and needs are emotional? What if he needs comfort, friends, or just to be among other human beings?” Her words hit me like a ton of bricks! About a week later the shelter received a large donation from an anonymous source. I can’t help but wonder if it came from that man. I felt like I should apologize to the man, but I didn’t.

Now, whenever I meet others, I remember my mother’s words and try to send kindness and blessings to them, regardless of how they look. Needs aren’t always visible. But kindness always makes a difference.

1.The task of the author at the shelter was to_______.

A. decide whether dinners looked poor                        B. learn life experience there

C. serve hot food to the poor                               D. help parents order dishes

2.When the man waited in line, how did the author feel?

A. Surprised                       B. Pitiful                 C. Excited                D. Angry

3.The author felt he should apologize to the man, because he_______.

A. was asked to do so by his mother                              B. gave the man food much less than others

C. realized something was wrong with the man             D. knew later that the man might go there to donate

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. We should show others kindness whatever their needs are 

B. Some needs can’t be known clearly at times

C. Needs can always be met by kindness                

D. We should find out others’ needs

A

(宁夏银川市唐籁回民中学2014届高三月考)Winter is a very special time in Northern Norway. Winter also means skiing, and Narvik can offer some of the best skiing in Norway. The view and light change frequently and no two days are the same. For many people, the northern lights are an unforgettable sight, and in Narvik the sky is especially clear and great for watching at night.

The tourist season lasts from February to April, although May can be fascinating too, often with fantastic dry snow and an unbelievable light lasting well into the evening.

Ski hire

  It is possible for adults and children to hire skiing equipment such as snowboards. All equipment is prepared for us. If you would like to book your equipment, please email Narvikfjellet.

Cross-country skiing

  There are 12 kilometers of cross country ski run in Narvik. You need to bring your own skis as there is no cross-country hire. However, equipment can be bought at local sports shops in and around Narvik.

Off-piste skiing（非场地滑雪)

        In order to explore Narvik’s off-piste opportunities you need to know the dangers when choosing routes. It is suggested that you bring necessary equipment such as a shovel（雪铲)and a GPS locator. Ask Narvikfjellet for an experienced guide. With a guide you can explore Narvik’s special off-piste areas in a safe manner.

  Sometimes it is nice to do something different and not everybody enjoys skiing. Then you can go horse-riding, or visit the local museums.

Price examples for the 2012--2013 season

1.In Northern Norway, the tourist season may last ______.

A. one month                   B. two months                            C. three months                    D. four months

2.What can we know from the passage?

A. You can book skiing equipment through the Internet.

B. You are provided with skiing equipment for free.

C. Narvik is located in the south of Norway.

D. Narvik is open to adults and children over eight.

3.When you go off-piste skiing, the following are a must EXCEPT ______.

A. a shovel                       B. a horse                            C. a guide                            D. a GPS locator   

4.If Mr. and Mrs. Smith stay in Narvik with their six-year-old daughter for three days in 2012, they should pay ______.

A. NOK 1,160                   B. NOK 1,425                            C. NOK 1,670                            D. NOK 2,260

B

（辽宁省瓦房店高级中学2014届高三月考)Betty Friedan, born in 1921 in Peoria, Illinois, attended Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. She finished her studies in psychology in 1942. After college she attended the University of California at Berkeley to continue her studies. Later, she moved to New York City and worked as a reporter and editor for labor union newspapers.

In 1947, Betty married Carl Friedan. They had a child, the first of three. When Betty Friedan became pregnant for the second time, she was dismissed from her job at the newspaper. After that she worked as an independent reporter for magazines. But her editors often rejected her attempts to write about subjects outside the traditional interests of women.

In 1966, Betty Friedan helped found NOW, the National Organization for Women. She served as its first president. She led campaigns to end unfair treatment of women seeking jobs. She wanted women to take part in social and political change. Betty Friedan led a huge demonstration(游行) in New York City for women’s rights. Demonstrations were also held in other cities.

In 1981, Betty Friedan wrote a book called “The Second Stage” about the condition of the women’s movement. Friedan wrote that the time for huge demonstrations and other such events had passed. She urged the movement to try to increase its influence on American political life. Some younger members of the movement criticized her as too conservative.

Betty Friedan died on February 4, 2006. She was considered the mother of modern women’s liberation movement. Betty Friedan once told a television reporter how she wanted to be remembered: “She helps make women feel better about being women.”

1.According to Paragraph 2, Betty lost her job because         .

A. she was pregnant                                              B. she got married

C. her editors didn’t like her                                        D. she was too independent               

2.Betty led a huge demonstration to           .

A. fight against the government                               B. fight for women’s rights

C. take part in political life                                            D. get support from the government

3.The book “The Second Stage”        .

A. was popular among young women readers

B. thought highly of those huge demonstrations

C. was about the condition of the women’s movement then

D. decreased the movement’s influence on American political life

4. From the last paragraph, we know that         .

A. Betty helped women live better                                B. Betty wanted to be remembered forever

C. Betty thought it better to be a woman                           D. the television reporter knew Betty well

答案:ACBC    CADB    CABC    ABCA