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悉尼持刀袭击案背后:澳大利亚患上厌女症?

Reeling From Mass Stabbing, Australians Ask: Was It About Hatred of Women?

[2024年4月19日] 来源:NY Times  整理:Geilien.cn   字号 [] [] []  
VICTORIA KIM
周一,澳大利亚悉尼邦迪路口的一处纪念地,上周末的事件中有六人遇难。
周一,澳大利亚悉尼邦迪路口的一处纪念地,上周末的事件中有六人遇难。 Mark Baker/Associated Press

Mary Aravanopoulos stood clutching her daughter, huddling for safety with about 15 other women in the dress shop filled with ethereal organza gowns. They had watched a man saunter past in the mall corridor, unhurriedly, swinging a large knife in his hand back and forth.
玛丽·阿拉瓦诺普洛斯抱着女儿,和其他15个女人挤在一起,躲在这家摆满飘逸欧根纱礼服的店里。她们看着一个男人在商场过道里不慌不忙地悠闲走过,来回舞动着手里的大刀。


Soon, they heard about one woman getting stabbed, then another.
很快,她们听说一个女人被刺伤了,然后是另一个。


Amid the confusion in those panicked moments, Ms. Aravanopoulos said she immediately thought to herself: “Oh, my God, it’s all about women.”
阿拉瓦诺普洛斯说,在那些恐慌时刻的混乱中,她立即想到:“哦,上帝,一切都是冲着女人来的。”


By Monday, many others in Australia had reached the same conclusion about the weekend’s shocking stabbing rampage at a Sydney mall that left six people dead, five of them women. Of the dozen other people who were injured by the seemingly random act of mass violence — one of the deadliest in the country in recent decades — all but two were female, among them a baby girl just 9 months old.
到了周一,澳大利亚的许多人对上周末悉尼一家购物中心发生的惊人持刀杀人事件也得出了同样的结论。这起事件导致六人死亡,其中五人是女性。这是该国几十年来伤亡最严重的事件,大规模的暴力行为看似随机,但受伤的12人当中,除了两人之外都是女性,其中一名女婴只有九个月大。

There may never be a clear explanation of the motives of the attacker, who was known to suffer from mental illness and was shot dead by a police inspector, Amy Scott.
对于袭击者的动机可能永远不会有一个明确的解释,据悉他患有精神疾病,但他已经被警督艾米·斯科特击毙。


But for many people, it was yet another reminder of the misogyny and threats of violence that women can face in Australian society. Less than 24 hours before the stabbings, hundreds of people had taken to the streets to protest a recent string of high-profile murders of three women. And on Monday, a civil case ruling appeared to validate a years-old allegation of rape that forced a reckoning of how the clubby, male-dominated Australian establishment had victimized women for decades.
但对许多人来说,这再次提醒人们,女性在澳大利亚社会可能面临厌女和暴力威胁。在刺杀事件发生前不到24小时,数百人走上街头,抗议最近涉及三名女性被谋杀的一系列备受瞩目的案件。周一,一项民事案件裁决似乎证实了一项多年前的强奸指控,该指控迫使人们反思,几十年来,以男性为主导的俱乐部式澳大利亚机构是如何伤害女性的。


“The ideology of the attacker was crystal clear — a hatred of women,” Josh Burns, a member of Parliament, wrote on the social media site X on Monday. “We must call it out for what it is.”
“袭击者的意识形态非常清晰——对女性的仇恨,”国会议员乔希·伯恩斯周一在社交媒体网站X上写道。“我们必须揭露事情的真面目。”


For Maria Lewis, an author and a screenwriter, the attacker’s actions, unexplained as they may be, carried echoes of an Australian idea of what it means to be a man.
作家兼编剧玛丽亚·刘易斯认为,袭击者的行为尽管无法解释,但却与澳大利亚人对何为男人的理解相呼应。


“Bros-supports-bros culture is so deeply and inherently tied in with the Australian idea of masculinity,” she said. “That real testosterone-laden idea of what masculinity represents, there’s a pop culture mainstream representation of it that gets constantly reinforced.”
“兄弟支持兄弟的文化与澳大利亚人对男子气的概念有着根深蒂固的内在联系,”她说。“那种充斥着睾丸激素的男子气概观念,有一种流行文化的主流表现形式,并不断得到强化。”

周一,警察在犯罪现场。大多数受害者是女性。
周一,警察在犯罪现场。大多数受害者是女性。 Mark Baker/Associated Press


Monday was a national day of mourning in Australia, flags flying at half-staff throughout the country. The attacker was identified by the authorities as Joel Cauchi, 40, a man who was known to the authorities but had never been arrested.
星期一是澳大利亚全国哀悼日,全国降半旗致哀。当局确认袭击者是40岁的乔尔·考奇,当局知晓此人的存在,但从未逮捕过他。


“The gender breakdown is, of course, concerning,” Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said in a radio interview Monday morning, saying the police were looking into whether the attacker deliberately targeted women.
周一上午,总理安东尼·阿尔巴内塞在接受电台采访时表示:“性别分析当然令人担忧。”他说,警方正在调查袭击者是否故意针对女性。


Mr. Cauchi had recently moved thousands of miles to the Sydney area from Queensland, in the country’s northeast.
考奇最近从澳大利亚东北部的昆士兰州搬到了数千公里外的悉尼地区。


In Toowoomba, Queensland, Mr. Cauchi’s father, Andrew Cauchi, was asked by news reporters gathered outside his home why his son, who had not been in regular contact with his family, may have targeted women.
在昆士兰州的图文巴,聚集在考奇父亲家门外的新闻记者询问父亲安德鲁·考奇,为什么他的儿子可能会以女性为目标,儿子与家人没有经常联系。


The older Mr. Cauchi said it could have been out of frustration from his inability to date women.
老考奇说,这可能是因为他无法与女性约会而感到沮丧。


“He wanted a girlfriend, and he’s got no social skills, and he was frustrated out of his brains,” the older Mr. Cauchi told local news media.
“他想要一个女朋友,但他没有社交技巧,他沮丧得失去了理智,”老考奇对当地新闻媒体说。


Tessa Boyd-Caine, chief executive officer of Australia’s National Research Organization for Women’s Safety, said it was understandable for people to reach for a gender-based explanation in the immediate aftermath of the attack. At the same time, she cautioned that the vast majority of cases of violence against women occur in the home and at the hands of people they know, rather than indiscriminately, as in Saturday’s attack.
澳大利亚国家妇女安全研究组织的首席执行官泰莎·博伊德-凯恩表示,在袭击发生后不久,人们寻求基于性别的解释是可以理解的。与此同时,她提醒,绝大多数针对女性的暴力案件都发生在家中,由她们认识的人下手,而不是周六那种无差别攻击。

“How do we make sense of a random act of such brutal, fatal violence, by a man who police are considering might have targeted women?” she said. “It’s such an early stage of the investigation, but people are going to want to know answers to difficult questions.”
“一个警方认为可能以女性为目标的男人做出如此野蛮、致命的暴力行为,这让人如何理解?”她说。“目前是调查的早期阶段,但人们希望解答一些疑难问题。”


By Monday, all six victims killed in Saturday’s stabbings had been identified. The women were Ashlee Good, a 38-year-old new mother; Jade Young, 47, a mother of two daughters; Dawn Singleton, 25, a fashion employee; Pikria Darchia, 55, an artist and designer; and Yixuan Cheng, a Chinese citizen studying in Sydney. The lone male was Faraz Tahir, 30, a security guard and a recent arrival from Pakistan.
截至周一,周六持刀行凶案的六名遇害者的身份已全部确认。她们是38岁的新妈妈阿什莉·古德;两个女儿的母亲、47岁的婕德·杨;25岁的时尚行业工作者道恩·辛格顿;55岁的艺术家、设计师皮克丽亚·达奇亚;以及在悉尼学习的中国公民程艺璇(音)。唯一的男性是30岁的保安法拉兹·塔希尔,不久前从巴基斯坦移居澳大利亚。

周一,一条黑丝带被投射到悉尼歌剧院上,作为对袭击受害者的纪念。
周一,一条黑丝带被投射到悉尼歌剧院上,作为对袭击受害者的纪念。 David Gray/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images


Police officials said on Monday they had completed their investigation of the sprawling crime scene and returned control of the shopping complex to its operators.
警方官员周一表示,他们已经完成了对庞大的犯罪现场的调查,并将购物中心的控制权交还给了运营商。


Across from the complex, which remained closed, a steady stream of mourners continued to leave flowers on Monday, adding to a large pile that had grown to stretch across multiple storefronts. Many visitors were groups of women — mothers and daughters holding hands, friends wiping tears off one another, women seemingly gripping onto their baby girls a little bit tighter.
周一,在仍处于关闭状态的大楼对面,源源不断的哀悼者仍在献上鲜花,花束的小山已经延伸到多个店面。许多女人结伴而来——母亲和女儿手牵着手,朋友们互相擦去眼泪,母亲们似乎将怀中的女婴抱得更紧。


Ms. Aravanopoulos and her daughter, Alexia Costa, were among those leaving flowers. They had returned to retrieve their car, which had been inaccessible in the cordoned-off mall since Saturday.
阿拉瓦诺普洛斯和女儿阿列克谢·科斯塔也在献花者之列。她们是回来取车的,自周六以来,她们的车就无法从被封锁的购物中心取出。


Ms. Aravanopoulos, 55, said she felt particularly guilty about Saturday’s brush with danger because she had insisted the pair come shopping that afternoon, to pick out a dress for her daughter’s upcoming 21st birthday. As a woman who works in the male-dominated field of construction, she has brought up her daughters to never back down and always stand up for themselves, she said.
55岁的阿拉瓦诺普洛斯说,她对周六的遇险感到特别内疚,因为她坚持要和女儿在当天下午来购物,为女儿即将到来的21岁生日挑选一条裙子。她说,作为一名在男性主导的建筑行业工作的女性,她一直教育女儿们永远不要退缩,永远要为自己挺身而出。


“They think the women won’t fight back,” she said.
“他们认为女性不会反击,”她说。


With the belief that the attacker was singling out women, she said she shuddered to think what would have happened if the young, female store managers had not acted quickly and pulled down the shutters.
她认为袭击者是专门针对女性的,她说,如果当时年轻的女店长没有迅速采取行动拉下百叶窗,接下来可能发生的情形令她不寒而栗。


“It was a shop full of women, and the managers were the heroes to us,” she recounted.
“那是一家全是女性的商店,店主们是我们的英雄,”她回忆。


Simone Scoppa, 42, who was also at the memorial on Monday, said the stabbing spree was just the latest episode targeting women that makes her glance over her shoulder while walking her dog at night, even in her suburban neighborhood, and hold her keys in her hand as a defensive weapon just in case.
42岁的西蒙娜·斯科帕周一也参加了纪念活动,她说,这次持刀行凶只是针对女性的最新一起事件,因此,虽然她住在郊区,晚上遛狗的时候也会不时回头看一眼,还会把钥匙拿在手里作为防御武器,以防万一。


The setting of the mall as the site of the attack also makes women feel vulnerable, she said.
她说,将商场作为袭击地点,也会让女性感到身处险境。


“Where are a lot of women going to be on a Saturday afternoon?” Ms. Scoppa said. “You see the dads and the husbands on the loungers minding the bags, and the mothers breastfeeding.”
“周六下午,很多女人会去哪里?”斯科帕说。“你可以看到爸爸和丈夫们在商场沙发上照看大包小包,妈妈们在哺乳。”


Yan Zhuang对本文有报道贡献。


Victoria Kim是时报驻首尔记者,主要报道全球各地突发新闻。


翻译:晋其角