Rwandan President Paul Kagame blamed the inaction of the international community for allowing the 1994 genocide to happen as Rwandans on Sunday commemorated 30 years since an estimated 800,000 people were killed by government-backed extremists.
卢旺达总统保罗·卡加梅（Paul Kagame）指责国际社会不作为，允许发生1994年的种族灭绝。卢旺达星期天纪念政府支持的极端分子杀害估计80万人的大屠杀30周年。

Rwanda has shown strong recovery and economic growth in the years since, but scars remain and there are questions about whether genuine reconciliation has been achieved under the long rule of Kagame, whose rebel movement stopped the genocide and seized power. He has been praised by many for bringing relative stability but vilified by others for his intolerance of dissent.
卢旺达此后经济复苏并强劲增长，但创伤依存，有人质疑在卡加梅的长期领导下是否真正实现和解，卡加梅领导的反政府武装运动制止了种族灭绝并夺取权力。很多人称赞他带来了相对稳定，但其他人批评他不容许异议。

Kagame led somber commemoration events in the capital, Kigali. Foreign visitors included a delegation led by Bill Clinton, the U.S. president during the genocide, and Israeli President Isaac Herzog.
卡加梅在首都基加利主持了纪念活动。外国客人包括种族灭绝时期的美国总统克林顿领导的代表团和以色列总统赫尔佐格（Isaac Herzog）。

The killings were ignited when a plane carrying then-President Juvénal Habyarimana, a Hutu, was shot down over Kigali. The Tutsis were blamed for downing the plane and killing the president. and became targets in massacres led by Hutu extremists that lasted over 100 days. Some moderate Hutus who tried to protect members of the Tutsi minority were also killed.
当时胡图族的朱韦纳尔·哈比亚利马纳（Juvénal Habyarimana）总统乘坐的飞机在基加利上空被击落，触发了杀戮。图西族人被控击落了飞机，杀害了总统，并成为胡图族极端分子领导的100天的大屠杀目标。一些温和的胡图族人试图保护图西族少数族裔，也被杀害。

Rwandan authorities have long blamed the international community for ignoring warnings about the killings, and some Western leaders have expressed regret.
卢旺达当局长期指责国际社会忽视屠杀的警告，一些西方领导人表示遗憾。

Clinton, after leaving office, cited the Rwandan genocide as a failure of his administration. French President Emmanuel Macron, in a prerecorded video ahead of Sunday's ceremonies, said that France and its allies could have stopped the genocide but lacked the will to do so. Macron's declaration came three years after he acknowledged the "overwhelming responsibility" of France — Rwanda's closest European ally in 1994 — for failing to stop Rwanda's slide into the slaughter.
克林顿离任后说，卢旺达种族灭绝是他政府的一个失败。法国总统马克龙在星期天仪式前录制的视频中说，法国及其盟友能够阻止种族灭绝，但缺乏这样做的意愿。马克龙三年前承认卢旺达1994年最亲密的欧洲盟友法国未能阻止卢旺达陷入屠杀，负有“巨大的责任”。

"It was the international community which failed all of us, whether from contempt or cowardice," Kagame said in a speech after lighting a flame of remembrance and laying a wreath at a memorial site holding the remains of 250,000 genocide victims in Kigali.
卡加梅在首都点燃纪念火炬并向装有25万种族灭绝罹难者骨灰的纪念碑献花圈，并在讲话中说，“是国际社会辜负了我们所有人，无论是出于蔑视还是怯懦。”

He also shared the story of a cousin whose family he tried to save with the help of U.N. peacekeepers. She did not survive.
他并分享了一个表妹的故事，他试图用联合国维和人员的帮助拯救她的家人。她未能存活。

"We will never forget the horrors of those 100 days, the pain and loss suffered by the people of Rwanda, or the shared humanity that connects us all, which hate can never overcome," U.S. President Joe Biden said in a statement.
美国总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）在一项声明中说，“我们永不会忘记那些100天的恐怖以及卢旺达人们遭受的痛苦和损失，永不忘记连接我们所有人的共同人性，仇恨永远无法克服人性。”

Rwanda's ethnic composition remains largely unchanged since 1994, with a Hutu majority. The Tutsis account for 14% and the Twa just 1% of Rwanda's 14 million people. Kagame's Tutsi-dominated government has outlawed any form of organization along ethnic lines, as part of efforts to build a uniform Rwandan identity.
卢旺达族裔构成1994年以来基本没变，1400万人口中胡图人是主要民族，图西族占14%，特瓦人是1%。卡加梅的图西族政府取缔了任何按照族裔划分的组织，努力建立一个统一的卢旺达身份。

National ID cards no longer identify citizens by ethnic group, and authorities imposed a tough penal code to prosecute those suspected of denying the genocide or the "ideology" behind it. Some observers say the law has been used to silence critics who question the government's policies.
国家身份证不再标明公民的族裔，当局颁布严格的刑法，起诉被怀疑否认种族灭绝或其背后“意识形态”的人。一些观察人员说，法律被用来压制质疑政府政策的批评人士。

Rights groups have accused Kagame's soldiers of carrying out some killings during and after the genocide in apparent revenge, but Rwandan authorities see the allegations as an attempt to rewrite history. Kagame has previously said that his forces showed restraint in the face of genocide.
权利组织指责卡加梅的士兵在种族灭绝期间和其后杀害了一些人，显然是报复，但卢旺达当局说这个指称是试图改写历史。卡加梅过去说过，他领导的军队面对种族灭绝显示了克制。

Kagame said Sunday that Rwandans are disgusted by critics who have "questioned and revised" the history of the genocide. "Rwandans will always challenge it," he said, adding that preventing another genocide requires political measures such as those now in place.
卡加梅星期天说，批评人士“质疑并重写”种族灭绝的历史让卢旺达人感到恶心。他说，“卢旺达人会永远进行挑战”，防范另一次种族灭绝需要目前已经落实的政治措施。

"Our journey has been long and tough," he said. "Rwanda was completely humbled by the magnitude of our loss, and the lessons we learned are engraved in blood. But the tremendous progress of our country is plain to see and it is the result of the choice we made together to resurrect our nation."
他说，“我们的征程一直漫长艰难，”“卢旺达对我们的损失程度彻底感到自惭，我们得到的教训融入我们的血液。但我们国家的巨大进步是显而易见的，这是我们为复活我们民族而共同做出选择的结果。”

He added, "The foundation of everything is unity. That was the first choice — to believe in the idea of a united Rwanda and live accordingly."
他说，“一切事情的基础是团结。这是第一选择，去相信卢旺达团结的想法并这样生活。”

A night vigil will be held later on Sunday as part of a week of remembrance activities.
星期天晚间将举行烛光活动，纪念活动将进行一个星期。

Kagame has been Rwanda's de facto ruler, first as vice president from 1994 to 2000, then as acting president. He was voted into office in 2003 and has since been reelected multiple times. A candidate for elections set for July, he won the last election with nearly 99% of the vote.
卡加梅1994年到2000年首先担任副总统，然后担任代理总统。他2003年当选总统，此后被多次连任。他在上次选举中获得将近99%的选票。

Rights activists and others say the authoritarian Kagame has created a climate of fear that discourages open and free discussion of national issues. Critics have accused the government of forcing opponents to flee, jailing or making them disappear while some are killed under mysterious circumstances. Kagame's most serious political rivals are his Tutsi ex-comrades now living in exile. 人权活动人士和其他人士表示，独裁者卡加梅制造了一种恐惧气氛，阻碍了对国家问题的公开和自由讨论。 批评者指责政府强迫反对者逃离、监禁或让他们消失，而一些人则在神秘的情况下被杀。 卡加梅最严重的政治对手是他现在流亡的图西族前同志。