The U.S. Constitution Article III

编辑:给力英语新闻 更新:2017年11月24日

In this photo taken Oct. 8, 2012, the justices of the U.S. Supreme Court gather for a group portrait at the Supreme Court Building in Washington.
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Article III Section 1

The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.

Section 2

The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority;--to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls;--to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction;--to controversies to which the United States shall be a party;--to controversies between two or more states;--between a state and citizens of another state;--between citizens of different states;--between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state, or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens or subjects.

In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.

The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.

Section 3

Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.

The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture except during the life of the person attainted.

美国宪法第三条

第三条

第三条第一款合众国的司法权属于最高法院以及由国会随时下令设立的低级法院。最高法院和低级法院的法官，如果尽忠职守得继续任职，并应在规定时间获得服务报酬，此项报酬在他们继续任职期间不得减少。

第二款司法权适用的范围如下：一切基于本宪法、合众国法律以及根据合众国权力所缔结的及将缔结的条约而产生的普通法的及衡平法的案件；一切涉及大使、其他使节及领事的案件；一切有关海事法和海事管辖权的案件；以合众国为当事人的诉讼；两个州或数个州之间的诉讼；一州与另一州的公民之间的诉讼；一州公民与另一州公民之间的诉讼；同州公民之间对他州让与土地的所有权的诉讼；一州或其公民与外国或外国公民或国民之间的诉讼。

涉及大使、其他使节和领事以及以州为当事人的一切案件，其初审权属于最高法院。对上述的所有其它案件，无论是法律方面还是事实方面，最高法院有上诉审理权，但须遵照国会所规定的例外与规则。

一切罪案，除弹劾案外，均应由陪审团审判；审判应在犯罪发生的州内进行；但如不止在一个州内发生，审判应在国会以法律规定的一处或数处地点进行。

第三款只有对合众国发动战争，或依附、帮助、庇护合众国敌人者，才犯叛国罪。无论何人，如非经由两个证人证明他的公然的叛国行为，或经由本人在公开法庭认罪者，均不得被判叛国罪。

国会有权宣布对于叛国罪的惩处，但叛国罪犯公民权的剥夺，不得影响其继承人的权益，除剥夺公民权利终身者外，不得包括没收财产。